Examination of fermentative capacity in macroconidia off. Fungi of the genus fusarium, particularly fusarium solani species complex fssc, are the most common fungal pathogens of chondrichthyans. Identification and characterization of fusarium species associated. Some species produce mycotoxins in cereal crops that can affect human and animal health if they enter the. In the cooperative program between the united states and japan, we endeavored to make clear the. A chlamydospore formation from macroconidia of fusarium solani f. Koch, is a plant which belongs to the family araceae. Carbon and nitrogen requirements for macroconidial. It is an etiologic agent in keratitis, endophthalmitis, cutaneous infections, burn patients, mycetoma, onychomycosis, sinusitis, pulmonary disease, endocarditis, catheter infections, and septic arthritis. It produces chlamydospores and overwinters as mycelium or spores in infected or dead tissues or seed. Isolates of fusarium were obtained and identified from seeds of cowpea. Perithecia of gibberella zeae, the sexual stage of fusarium graminearum on a corn stalk. For instance, fusarium solani represents a complex i.
Humanpathogenic members of the genus fusarium primarily belong to 8 species complexes, of which the fusarium solani species complex fssc and f. The innermost layer is electronlucid followed by an electrondense layer. Fusarium solani macroconidia microconidia chlamydospores. Most species are harmless saprobes, and are relatively abundant members of the soil microbial community. Snyder and hansen represented fssc as a complex species in the martiella. Phase partition of gaseous hexane and surface hydrophobicity of fusarium solani when grown in liquid and solid media with hexanol and hexane. Diversity of fusarium species associated with postharvest. Causing root rot of patchouli in assam, india monuj gogoi, d. However, the proper identification of other species such as fusarium proliferatum, fusarium reticulatum or fusarium equiseti requires sequencing of ef in any case, the confirmation of species was obtained by means of maximum parsimony analysis of the ef. Spore agglutination was not observed in deionized water, nutrient solution, or root leachate. Fusarium is a plant and human pathogen readily recovered from soil and water and is part of water biofilms. Morphological and phylogenetic analysis of fusarium solani.
Dariva 2011, in her study, showed that fusarium solani forms cylindrical macroconidia, with no convex curvature, as seen in fusarium oxysporum f. Hyaline septate hyphae, conidiophores, phialides, macroconidia, and microconidia are observed microscopically. Trauma to the skin may be an important predisposing factor because infection is most common along on the cephalofoil of captive bonnethead and scalloped hammerhead sharks fernando et al. Fine structure of the macroconidia of fusarium solani. Several species have emerged as important opportunistic pathogens in humans causing hyalohyphomycosis especially in burn victims and bone marrow transplant patients, mycotic keratitis and onychomycosis guarro 20. Comparison of a macroconidia and b macroconidia and microconidia production between fusarium fujikuroi w343 ffuji, cured. Infection also commonly involves the lateral line system. Genetic diversity among indian phytopathogenic isolates of. Antifungal resistance intrinsic and acquired fusarium solani is a highly resistant fungus. Microconidia of fusarium solani are usually abundant, cylindrical to oval, 1 to 2celled and formed from long lateral phialides. Journal of fruit and ornamental plant research vol. One problem commonly encountered by researchers interested in fusarium species is the probable taxonomic system and the.
Shorter macroconidia was shown by morphotype i with the length from 27. Immunocompromised patients are particularly prone to fusarium infection and in these individuals, hematogenous spread of pathogens may lead to disseminated, lifethreatening disease. Suspensions were checked for fusarium macroconidia microscopically at. Read more about symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, complications, causes and prognosis. In addition to these basic elements, chlamydospores are also produced by fusarium chlamydosporum, fusarium napiforme, fusarium oxysporum, fusarium semitectum, fusarium solani, and fusarium sporotrichoides531, 1295, 2202. Epitypification of fusisporium fusarium solani and its assignment. Ultrastructure of the macroconidia of fusarium solani as visualized by transmission ultrathin sectioning and freezeetching and scanning electron microscopy is described. Latiffah school of biological sciences, universiti sains malaysia, penang, malaysia. In senegal, fusarium species are the second most frequently isolated fungi after candida albicans 2. Each bar represents the mean from two independent experiments with. Macroconidia fusarium solani are formed after 47 days from short multibranched conidiophores which may form sporodochia chlamydoconidia fusarium solani are hyaline, globose,smooth to roughwalled, borne singly or. Fusarium species colony and microscopic description medical. Thefungal spores were grown in vogels 27 medium supplemented with 500 mglcasein hydrolysate until the mycelia werethree to five times as longas the macroconidia.
By contrast, fusarium oxysporum and fusarium moniliforme may be susceptible to voriconazole and posaconazole 6, 20, 21, 29, 31, 67, 81, 85. Fusarium solani was most abundantly isolated 34% followed by f. Pdf influence of mucilage secreted by macroconidia of. The fusarium solani complex contains at least 60 species and accounts for about 50% of human infections caused by fusaria guarro 20, tortorano et al. Fusarium solani is the most common fusarium species recovered in humans and animals. Fusarium is a large and diverse genus of filamentous fungi that includes a number of economically important plant pathogens, including f. Fusarium species may also cause allergic diseases, such as sinusitis in immunocompetent individuals, and mycotoxicosis following ingestion of food contaminated by toxinproducing fusarium species. Chlamydospore formation and lysis of macroconidia of. Isolation, identification, storage, pathogenicity tests. Chitosan as a component of peafusarium solani interactions 2. Fusarium can be distinguished from acremonium by its curved, multicellular macroconidia, while cylindrocarpon is distinguished from fusarium by its straight to curved macroconidia which lack foot cells. Fusarium solani is also a very important nursery pathogen causing severe crown and root rots in a wide range of plants. Ali department of plant pathology, assam agricultural university, jorhat7850, assam, india corresponding author a b s t r a c t isolates whereas mini morphological characteristics of morphological. Strains isolated from humans do not usually produce macroconidia.
Formation and types of microconidia produced by fusarium species. In the 1930s, wollenweber and reinking organized the genus fusarium into sections, including martiella and ventricosum, which were collapsed together by snyder and hansen in the 1940s to form a single species, fusarium solani. Advances in bioscience and biotechnology, 2, 142148. A typical cylindrocarpon species, the anamorph of neonectria radicicola 32, was. Conidiophores are long in comparison with other human pathogenic species. Once conditions are favorable, these conidia produce ascospores to promote its dispersal. Fusarium species colony and microscopic description. The colonies, however, may appear brownish, particularly on potatodextrose agar f. Interdigital hyalohyphomycosis caused by members of the. The conidiophores branch into thin, elongated monophialides that produce conidia. Fusarium graminearum possess a distinctive bananashaped, macroconidia. Fusarium species colony and microscopic description 5 years ago by medical labs 0 multicelled, sickleform macroconidia is the description for fusarium species, which produces colonies with a distinctive rose red or purple red pigmentation. The relevance of these in vitro data is not clear, because. Fusarium species do not grow well at low water activity levels and will usually colonize very damp or wet material, hence, presence of fusarium in a building is an indication of a water problem.
Root rot disease of patchouli is caused by fusarium solani mart. Some species produce mycotoxins in cereal crops that can. Inoculation fusarium solani hyphae are aseptically inoculated in the czapekdoxbroth cdb medium containing 30 g sucrose, 3 g sodium nitrate, 1 g. Most members of the fusarium solani species complex fssc are frequently isolated from soils and act as decomposers, but some are putative parasites on plants, insects, humans, and animals 14.
Effects of temperature and hydrogen ion concentration on attachment of macroconidia of fusarium solani f. Parmar university of horticulture and forestry, solan 173 230, h. Morphological and phylogenetic analysis of fusarium solani species complex in malaysia. It is often referred to as nectria haematococca mating population vi 17. Porter, grain legume genetics physiology research unit, usdaars, prosser, wa 99350. Fusarium species are also important plant pathogens that cause various diseases on cereal grains and occasionally cause infection in animals. Extracellular mycosynthesis of gold nanoparticles using. Its sexual state is nectria haematococca ascomycete. Fusarium solani germling viability following chitosan treatment. Addition of chitin to soil reduced chlamydospore formation from macroconidia off. Rapid germination of macroconidia was fully dependent on exogenous carbon at 3. Analysis of phylogenetic relationship of cylindrocarpon.
It also inhibited the lysis of some cells of the macroconidia, which resulted in significantly higher numbers of viable although partly lysed propagules of the pathogen in chitinamended, than in untreated soil over a period of 6 weeks. Pdf effects of temperature and hydrogen ion concentration. Aliquots of 25 hi, each containing 200 germlings developed from macroconidia inoculated in vogels minimal medium for 2, 5. Most fusarium species are soil fungi and have a worldwide distribution. Although several species can be opportunistic pathogens in humans with severely compromised immune systems, fusarium has more often been associated with human and. Species of fusarium typically produce both macro and microconidia from slender phialides. These conidia contain multiple septa and often have a foot cell. Fusarium solani is a species complex of at least 26 closely related filamentous fungi in the division ascomycota, family nectriaceae.
All are ubiquitous soil borne pathogens responsible for vascular wilts, rots, and dampingoff. Goswami 516 fusarium graminearum uses glucose as a carbon source for energy and undergoes aerobic. Characterization of fusarium oxysporum isolates and. Habit and habitat of fusarium vegetative structure of fusarium reproduction of fusarium economic importance of fusarium 1. Cultural and morphological variations of fusarium solani. Phialides that produce macroconidia are shorter than those that produce microconidia. Fusarium oxysporum fun with microbiology whats buggin.
Calvo1 1department of biological sciences, northern illinois university, dekalb, il 60115, usa. Fusarium solani and fusarium verticillioides are usually resistant to azoles and exhibit higher amphotericin b mics than other fusarium spp. Hans are delicate white to pink, often with purple tinge, and are sparse to abundant. Fusarium solani is a species complex of at least 26 closely related filamentous fungi in the. The macroconidia arising from sporodochia was typically falcate and mostly 5septate with papillate, tapered, and. Macroconidia are hyaline, two to severalcelled, fusiform to sickle shaped, mostly with an elongated apical cell and pedicellate basal cell.
Antifungal susceptibility profile of clinical fusarium spp. Fusarium solani is implicated in plant disease as well as human disease notably infection of the cornea of the eye. It is a common soil fungus and colonist of plant materials. Fusarium diseases of tomato fusarium foot rot fusarium solani f. Isolation, identification, storage, pathogenicity tests, hosts, and geographic range of fusarium solani f. The second case was a fatal disseminated fusarium verticillioides infection in a. All are ubiquitous soil borne pathogens responsible for vascular wilts, rots, and dampingoff diseases of a broad range of plants. Chlamydospore formation and lysis of macroconidia of fusarium. Endohyphal bacteria associated with virulence, increased. The color of the thallus varies from whitish to yellow, pink, red or purple shades. Spore germination and carbon metabolism fusarium solani. A total of 180 fusarium isolates were obtained from locations throughout selangor. Thesegerminatedspores were suspended in a cold lysis buffer 11 0. Identification of medically important fungi fungus.
Both fusaria comprise a genealogically exclusive lineage within clade 3 of the fusarium solani species complex fssc that can be differentiated with arbitrarily primed pcr. Taxonomy, biology, and clinical aspects of fusarium speciest. Identification of the fungus was complicated by the fact that the isolate did not produce the typical macroconidia. Fusarium solani produces asexual spores microconidia and macroconidia. Morphological and molecular characterization of fusarium. Fusarium head blight fhb or scab was first reported in nebraska in 1898. Some are plant pathogens, causing root and stem rot, vascular wilt or fruit rot. Species of the genus fusarium are wellresearched in many fields, such as ecology, plant pathology, medicalmycology and toxicology pitt and hocking, 2009. A utilitarian approach to fusarium identification aps journals. Cultural and morphological variations of fusarium solani mart. Fusarium solani has aerial hyphae that give rise to conidiophores laterally.
1100 607 1465 780 109 1419 510 1474 801 1557 1306 1490 34 51 1496 673 214 888 1240 1466 1407 1366 137 1124 194 1056 145 1207 124 819 275 743 705 1467 685 885 1014 1313